Yes: because that "vacation certificate" (they don't sell real estate deeds) was owned by a different member at some point. But many retail deeds sold by HGVCorp are pre-owned by someone too. If they ROFR something, then sell it, it's resale (technically) AND retail (because sold by HGVCorp). If I trade-in in my resale deed while making a retail purchase, and then they sell my deed, it's resale (technically) AND retail (because sold by HGVCorp). HGVCorp has very few purely fresh deeds - Maui Bay Villas would be one where we could say a deed is guaranteed to not be technically a resale.
No: because in practical terms, "resale" is the opposite of "retail". HGVC US and HGVC UK sell retail deeds that count towards Elite. Some changes will apply after HGV Max launches, but it hasn't launched yet so at this very moment, and until the launch of HGV Max, they're equal. Once it launches, HGVC UK will most likely still count as retail (nothing in the club guide says otherwise), but they don't know if they will be considered a "HGV Max authorized sales center" or not.
A broker? Their salespeople have @hgv.com email, the same as the US team. The seller is "Hilton Grand Vacations UK Limited (HGVUK)". Moreover "HGVUK is the owner of Hilton Grand Vacations Club at Coylumbridge Lodges (Resort)". Information directly from the purchase agreement.
As per UK corp registration information -
https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/08336462/officers - Mark Douglas Wang is the Director. Hint: same guy as the CEO of HGVC US.
Conclusion: this is handled by
HGVC UK, a fully owned subsidiary of
HGVC UK Holding, which in turn is a fully owned subsidiary of HGVC US, not a third party broker.