I've been to the islands 4 times from the Midwest. Twice we only stayed for a week and twice we've gone for 10-11 days because that's all the vacation time my husband would take. I strongly disagree with the others, because I've walked the walk and I still think it's worth it.
Hawaii is 5 hours behind EDT (Mar-Nov) and 6 hours behind EST (Nov-Mar). Now that seems like a huge swing, however there are lots of things that work in our favor:
1) It's a major tourist destination so flights are plentiful if you're near a major metropolitan area. If Newark is nearby, United flies direct from Newark in less than 11 hours (and home in less than 10 hours thanks to tradewinds). By contrast, it takes me 6-7 hours to get to the Caribbean because there are no direct flights.
2) Days are always short on Hawaii, between 11 and 13.5 hours. They don't get the daylight swings that folks farther north or south get.
3) Sunrise and sunset are also early: 5:46am/7:11pm at summer solstice and 6:59am/5:50pm at winter solstice. This works in our favor because our bodies naturally adjust to sunlight vs. some artificial clock.
4) Hawaii is an island. Like most tropical islands, life revolves around the sun. Most of what makes Hawaii great (the outstanding hiking, swimming, boating, fishing, snorkeling, etc) is done during the day.
5) Many activities start at sunrise or earlier. It's not unusual to start a volcano trip before dawn, a Haleakala bike ride at 4:30am, a Pearl Harbor tour at 6:30am, or a sailing adventure at 7:00am. So getting up before dawn, which you will find yourself doing naturally, is not an issue. It actually works in our favor because ocean activities are best done in the morning anyway because in the afternoon the tradewinds pick up.
6) Because of daylight savings, no matter when you travel to Hawaii, sunset is around midnight Eastern time. That's a very doable for us East Coasters because we don't have to adjust that much. When the sun sets, the whole island quiets down. There is a palpable drop in energy. This is a great time to sit on your balcony with a glass of wine and just enjoy being. Or, heck, why fight it? Go to bed.
7) Flights back are red eyes. If your flight leaves at 9pm, that's like 3am Eastern time. You'll be ready, willing, and hopefully able to just sleep on that long flight home. (And this is a GREAT time to upgrade to economy plus or first class. It's honestly not all that imporant at all on the way out.)
Yes, there's some jet lag when you get home. But because I've adjusted to the sun and not the artificial clock, it's virtually no different than when I fly to Arizona or California because a lot more happens after dark in places that aren't so heliocentric.