I would guess that a previous HOA president/board tried a strong-arm approach and found themselves in a quagmire in which they could not extricate themselves.
It's always a risk if you're "in the wrong" to try and just use "power" to make it someone elses problem - you might get someone who would have been perfectly fine if you came and said
"Whoops, we made a mistake in approving white windowframes, can we send the maintenance people over to paint the outside the same color as the walls?" but when you try and gaslight them "Oh, we didn't approve those, you have to replace the windows entirely at your cost or we'll try and forclose on your house" gets real pissed off and will make a point - potentially rightly so IMO. And then on top of that to try and after the fact "settle" later on when you realize you're wasting a lot of money and time on something that is
your fault also try and say "well, we'll stop being an ass, but you have to keep quiet about it" - like at every step the cost, bad press, etc would have been substantially less IMO for the HOA. Instead of a day of labor and a bucket of paint, then instead of probably $10k or something and letting her rant on Facebook, it's now $$ litigation, $75k and national news. Yea, that was smart.
This all sounds like a power trip by the HOA - at least reading in the fact they weren't willing to go to trial with whatever they had to show they
didn't approve the windows. My guess is if the HOA is smart, they're going to have much clearer rules now (or ASAP) as to how you get approval for changes and make it as unambiguous as possible. What I guess happened here is the HOA had a "ask a specific group of HOA reps if something is approved" with no specificity in a submission or method and nothing about in writing or with example pics or renders or whatever. So the homeowner went to whoever and asked "Can I get approval to replace my windows with the ones on sale down at Lowes" or something, and the rep assumed the colors and said "Sure, no problem" and maybe even sent an e-mail or basic form or something. Once the white windows were installed, other owners complained, the HOA was like "well, we didn't specifically approve
white and of
course we meant brown" and went to town with the argument. And I bet they didn't have any proceedures so from the homeowners stance initially she did the right thing - maybe even was like "whew, I can't believe they approved the much cheaper white windows, but I asked and they said yes - score!".
And here we are.