I have a 4x4 150 and what a lot of people don't realize is how easy it is to spin out in a vehicle that is so front end heavy (especially in 2 wheel rear drive mode). If I am going to be in a snowy area for an extended amount of time I will put 4-5 bags of sand in the back of my truck to try and give a little more balance. I will never trade in my truck for a different 4x4, but I will say that a sedan with good 4x4 action (like a subaru) is the way to go if you are living in those conditions and don't have the need to move things around.
I grew up and learned to drive in Minnesota in the 1960s. That was a time when almost all cars were rear-wheel drive (except for VW Beetles). As winter arrived, it was pretty standard to add at least 500 lbs of weight to the rear of the vehicle (trunk for a passenger vehicle, the back end of station wagon, or the bed of a truck). That was done by stowing cinder blocks or bags of sand or gravel in the rear of the vehicle.
It is nuts to see how many people drive too fast. As you said, 4x4 doesn't help you stop, the only thing that helps you stop is driving slow. Patience is key, but we are talking about people that rarely drive in adverse weather conditions, so it is what it is.
4x4 only helps with traction. Once you step on the brakes, there isn't any difference between 4WD and 2WD. When we lived in the San Bernardino Mountains and we had an original design Toyota Land Cruiser (patterned after a Jeep), I routinely chained up the front tires when it was snowy, and frequently the rear as well. I was always most concerned with maintaining control of the car during braking and turning.
The first significant accident I had with a vehicle was with the Land Cruiser, on the west side of Lake Arrowhead. We were driving properly on a snow-covered and plowed road, and as we entered a stretch where the road curved as it climbed a small hill, a "Flatlander" (that's the term that locals used to describe Angelenos who came to the mountains for the weekend) came the other way in a FWD vehicle with chains on the front. I guess he figured that with chains on that was like driving on bare pavement. He crested the hill and came into the descending turn too fast, lost control of the rear wheels, and began spinning around the front wheels. He did a sideways glance off the car ahead of us, then smacked us almost dead on on the left front bumper. As we exchanged info he kept whining about how he didn't understand how this could have happened since he had chains on.
Something I never understood . . . I lived in the midwest for three years, and no one uses chains (I think they are illegal?), yet we use them in California. Why is that?
As I mentioned, I grew up in Minnesota, but I've lived in the western US since 1974. Driving in the snow in the Midwest and the West is totally different. And driving in the snow is far more treacherous in the West than in the Midwest, IMO. The major differences I see are:
- Snow in the West is much wetter and slushier. In Midwestern winters, when it snows the ground is frozen and the snow is usually powdery. So it doesn't stick. It drifts, and the biggest hazard often isn't snow on the road; it's drifting snow that obscures the road so you can't tell where the lane markers and the edges of the pavement are. In contrast, in the West snow is generally wetter, and it falls on ground that isn't frozen. That melts the snow and creates a slush layer on the roadway. That creates much trickier driving, particularly increasing the hydroplaning hazards, because tires don't shed slush as easily as they do water. If weather continues to be cold, then snow starts accumulating on top of the slush and the slush layer starts to turn to ice. So now you have snow on top of ice, which is much more treacherous.
- In much of the West, the roads are hillier and steeper. And because snow is much rarer, roads aren't designed with the same consideration for snow and ice as is done in the Midwest.
- Drivers in the West are far less accustomed to driving in the snow. So the hazard isn't the snow, it's the other people driving cars.
I got a reminder of this about four years ago, when I drove I-94 from Fargo to Minneapolis during a February snowstorm. It was a storm that would have been crippling if it fell on any lowland areas in the western US. In western MN it was a very manageable hazard, not requiring chains or anything similar.